Acute prostatitis is the most common disease in men. It is most often diagnosed between the ages of 30 and 50 in almost 60% of the male population.
In the acute form of prostatitis, an inflammatory process develops in the prostate gland. For the treatment of this stage of the disease are used several groups of drugs, prostate massage, physiotherapy. The most important thing in treatment is to prevent the pathology from becoming chronic.
Acute prostatitis in men and the reasons for its development
Acute prostatitis is the development of an inflammatory process in the prostate gland caused by the penetration of an infection.
The disease is accompanied by swelling and suppuration in the tissues of the prostate.
This is the most common disease among men, which is accompanied by disorders of sexual function and fertility, disorders of psycho-emotional state, as well as social maladaptation.
Forms of acute prostatitis
The development of acute prostatitis goes through 4 stages, which are both its forms:
- catarrhal;
- follicular;
- parenchymal;
- abscessing.
The disease begins with the development of catarrhal inflammation, which causes changes in the mucous membranes and submucosal layer of the secretory ducts of the gland. Swelling of the walls of the ducts provokes stagnation of mucopurulent secretions in the follicles of the prostate. The inflammatory process begins to progress, causing focal suppuration of the lobules of the prostate gland. Acute follicular prostatitis develops.
Multiple damage to the lobules of the gland, the structural change in the tissues of the prostate and the development of purulent-inflammatory process in them leads to the next stage of the disease - parenchymal.
When many foci of inflammation merge into one large one, an abscess of the prostate gland forms. There is a possibility of opening in the urethra, perineum, rectum or bladder cavity.
The reasons for the development of the disease
The following factors can cause acute prostatitis in men:
- Infectious processes in the genitourinary system. Infectious agents (gram-negative and gram-positive) can penetrate the tissues of the prostate: Escherichia coli, Proteus, staphylococci, streptococci. In many cases, the acute form of the disease can be caused by causes of urogenital infections, such as: ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, candidiasis and others.
- Infectious processes that enter the urethra through the urethra. The microbes can enter the prostate tissue through the secretory ducts of the prostate gland, which open into the urethra. Therefore, any type of inflammation of the bladder is accompanied by acute prostatitis in men.
- Infectious processes that enter the gland through the blood. The penetration of the infection into the prostate through the circulatory system is due to its well-developed system of arterial and venous fusion. The microbes in this case are transmitted through the circulatory system from distant foci of purulent inflammation in diseases such as tonsillitis, caries, sinusitis, bronchitis, cholecystitis and others.
- Sedentary way of life. As a result of low motor activity, stagnation of prostate juice is formed. This is facilitated by: prolonged work on the computer, infrequent walks in the fresh air, smoking and drinking alcohol, infrequent sex, refusal of active rest.
- Hypothermia. Long-term exposure to cold on the genitourinary system causes disturbances in the blood supply, which also leads to stagnation in the prostate, which provokes the appearance of acute prostatitis.
- Injuries to the pelvic organs and prostate gland. When an injury occurs, the secretion of prostate gland is difficult, which leads to the development of an inflammatory process, which subsequently causes acute prostatitis.
- Medical procedures. Acute prostatitis can develop as a result of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, as well as after medical examinations through the urethra.
Symptoms
The clinical picture of acute prostatitis is characterized by the presence of the following signs:
- Difficulty urinating
- feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- the appearance of frequent urges to urinate;
- itching and burning;
- painful dull pain in the head of the penis, radiating to the anus (with the development of pathology, the pain will become chronic);
- pain during the act of defecation;
- fever (from 37 to 40 degrees - depending on the stage of the disease);
- decreased sexual desire;
- erection problems;
- the content of traces of pus and blood in the urine;
- deterioration of general well-being.
Treatment
Acute prostatitis, in contrast to the chronic form of the disease, responds well to therapy. Serious complications are very rare.
The most important task of drug treatment is to save the patient from the pain syndrome and the cause of the pathology, to restore the normal process of urination.
Drugs used in the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- AntibioticsThe main group of drugs in the treatment of acute prostatitis. To choose an antibiotic, the doctor must accurately determine the cause of the disease. A combination of antibiotics is most often prescribed when one drug is taken in a course and then replaced with another. This approach minimizes the development of re-inflammation and prevents the transition from acute to chronic. Antibiotics-fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins are successfully used.
- DiureticsDiuretics are prescribed to facilitate the process of urination and reduce stress. Diuretics promote regular and voluminous urination. Medicines and herbal diuretics are used.
- Antipyretic. They are used to reduce body temperature, eliminate joint and head pain.
- Antispasmodics. Medicines that relax smooth muscles relieve spasms. Also, drugs from this group relieve pain and help relieve urination.
- Alpha blockers. Drugs that relieve spasms well, stimulate and facilitate the removal of urine from the patient.
After the removal of the main symptoms of the disease, additional prostate massage and physiotherapy procedures may be prescribed.
After recovery, you need to lead a healthy lifestyle.
Properly selected treatment and compliance with all prescriptions of the doctor will eliminate acute prostatitis and prevent it from becoming chronic.